Knowlton’s Rangers At The Battle Of Harlem Heights During The American Revolutionary War 1776

April 2, 2021

Knowlton’s Rangers was a reconnaissance and espionage detachment of the Continental Army established by George Washington during the Battle of Harlem Heights on 125th Street in Harlem.

Named after its commander, Thomas Knowlton, the unit was formed in 1776.

History

On August 12, 1776, General of the Army George Washington promoted Knowlton to lieutenant colonel.

He was ordered to select a group of 130 men and 20 officers from Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts regiments to carry out reconnaissance missions.

The famous American spy, Captain Nathan Hale, of Coventry, Connecticut, was under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Knowlton.

Besides providing tactical intelligence, Knowlton’s Rangers, outfitted as a regiment of light infantry, took part in several battles of the American Revolutionary War.


That is why Knowlton’s Rangers are considered the predecessor to modern special forces units such as Army Rangers, Delta Force, and other special operations units.

Battle of Harlem Heights

On September 16, 1776, Knowlton’s Rangers were scouting in advance of Washington’s Army on 125th Street at Harlem Heights, New York.

While reconnoitering the British outposts they were engaged by elements of the light infantry brigade commanded by Major General Alexander Leslie.

The rangers managed a successful retreat and later mounted a counterattack with the support of three companies of Weedon’s Regiment led by Major Andrew Leitch.

General Washington ordered Knowlton to fall on the enemy’s rear, while a feint in front engaged the British troops’ attention.

The attacking force turned prematurely and made contact with the British right flank instead, losing the element of surprise. In the face of heavy enemy fire, Knowlton rallied his troops to carry on the attack.

He fell mortally wounded in front of his men; Leitch was also wounded and died in a few days.

Knowlton’s loss was lamented by Washington in his general orders for September 17, 1776, with the statement, “The gallant and brave Col Knowlton, … would have been an Honor to any Country, having fallen yesterday, while gloriously fighting…”.

Captain Stephen Brown succeed Knowlton in command of the unit.

Battle of Fort Washington

Knowlton’s Rangers were a part of Fort Washington’s garrison, defending the last stronghold of the Continental Army in Manhattan.

On November 16, 1776, yielding to prevailing force, American troops surrendered and were taken as prisoners of war.

Legacy

Knowlton’s Rangers are considered the United States of America’s first organized intelligence service organization, as well as the first American Ranger unit formed after America declared its independence from the United Kingdom.

The date “1776” on the modern U.S. Army’s intelligence service seal refers to the formation of Knowlton’s Rangers.

The Order of Knowlton’s Rangers at the Pennsylvania State University raises awareness about history and traditions of the unit.

Photo credit: Battle of Harlem Heights.


By submitting this form, you are consenting to receive marketing emails from: . You can revoke your consent to receive emails at any time by using the SafeUnsubscribe® link, found at the bottom of every email. Emails are serviced by Constant Contact
We're your source for local coverage, we count on your support. SUPPORT US!
Your support is crucial in maintaining a healthy democracy and quality journalism. With your contribution, we can continue to provide engaging news and free access to all.
accepted credit cards

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

You may use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <s> <strike> <strong>

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

Related Articles